Soil

Soil is part of the earth's crust composed of mineral and organic materials. Land is very vital role for all life on earth because the soil supports plant life by providing nutrients and water as well as the support of the root. Soil structure, hollow-cavity is also a good place for the roots to breathe and grow. Land is also a habitat for various living microorganisms.


Soil derived from weathering of rocks with the help of the organism. This process formation knows as "pedogenesis". The process of this unique form of land as a natural body consisting of layers referred to as the horizon or the ground. Each horizon tells about the origin and processes of physics, chemistry, and biology that has traversed the body of the land.


Soil types can be distinguished into:

1. Humus soil. Humus soil is very fertile soil is formed from the weathering of leaves and stems of trees in dense tropical rain forest.
2. Sand Land, Sandy soil is soil that is not good for agriculture that is formed from igneous and sedimentary rocks which have a coarse grain and gravel.
3. Alluvial Soil / Sediment Soil, Alluvial soils are soils formed from river mud that settles in the lowland which has fertile soil properties and land suitable for agriculture.
4. Podzolit Soil. Podzolit soil is fertile soil which is generally located in the mountains with high rainfall and low temperature.
5. Volcanic soil, Volcanic soil is a soil formed from volcanic eruptions materials that contain nutrients fertile high.
6. Laterite soil, Laterite soil is not fertile ground that was fertile and rich in nutrients, but nutrients are lost due to late rains brought about by high water.
7. Mediterranean Land (Land of Lime), Mediterranean soil is not fertile ground in character formed from the weathering of limestone.
8. Peat soil (Organosol Soil), Organosol soil is less fertile soils to grow crops which are formed by weathering of marsh plants.