The Solar System is made up of all the planets that orbit our Sun. In addition to planets, the Solar System also consists of moons, comets, asteroids, minor planets, and dust and gas.


Everything in the Solar System orbits or revolves around the Sun. The Sun contains around 98% of all the material in the Solar System. The larger an object is, the more gravity it has. Because the Sun is so large, its powerful gravity attracts all the other objects in the Solar System towards it.

Water

Water is a compound essential for all forms of life known to date in the earth, but not on another planet. Water covers nearly 71% of the earth's surface. Water mostly found in the ocean (salt water) and the layers of ice, but can also present as clouds, rain, rivers, fresh water, lakes, water vapor, and sea ice.

The water in these objects move follows a cycle of water, namely: through evaporation, rain, and the flow of water over the soil surface (runoff, including springs, rivers, and estuaries) to the sea. Clean water is essential for human life.

Soil

Soil is part of the earth's crust composed of mineral and organic materials. Land is very vital role for all life on earth because the soil supports plant life by providing nutrients and water as well as the support of the root. Soil structure, hollow-cavity is also a good place for the roots to breathe and grow. Land is also a habitat for various living microorganisms.


Soil derived from weathering of rocks with the help of the organism. This process formation knows as "pedogenesis". The process of this unique form of land as a natural body consisting of layers referred to as the horizon or the ground. Each horizon tells about the origin and processes of physics, chemistry, and biology that has traversed the body of the land.

Mountain

A mountain is a large landform that stretches above the surrounding land in a limited area usually in the form of a peak. A mountain is generally steeper than a hill. The study of mountains is called Orography.


Exogeology deals with planetary mountains, which in that branch of science are usually called montes (singular—Mons). The highest mountain on Earth based from sea level is Mount Everest (8,848 m (29,029 ft)) in the Himalayas of Asia. The highest known mountain in the Solar System is Olympus Mons on the planet Mars at 21,171 m (69,459 ft).

atmosphere

The atmosphere is a layer of gases surrounding a planet, the planet's surface until far in outer space. On earth, the atmosphere there from a height of 0 km above ground level, up to about 560 km from the earth's surface.


The atmosphere is composed of several layers, named after the phenomenon that occurs in the layer. Transitions between layers with each other takes place gradually.


Earth's atmosphere consists of nitrogen (78.17%) and oxygen (20.97%), with a little argon (0.9%), carbon dioxide (0.0357%), water vapor and other gases. The atmosphere protects life on Earth by absorbing ultraviolet radiation from the sun's rays and reducing temperature extremes between day and night. 75% of atmosphere within 11km of the planet's surface.